A la lista de vegetales para obtener biodiésel, ahora se suma la Jatropha curcas, que pasa desapercibida como un simple arbusto, pero sus frutos contienen semillas con un alto contenido de aceite con potencial uso para la producción del combustible. También los subproductos generados por el cultivo pueden usarse en procesos energéticos como la combustión y la generación de biogás.
El grupo del Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica (Incape), liderado por Carlos Querini, se vinculó con personal del Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) que trabajaba en el noroeste argentino en el cultivo de Jatropha curcas. La idea era saber qué se podía hacer a nivel industrial con ese vegetal.
“La Jatrofa (nombre vulgar) es un arbusto originario de los trópicos que crece en suelos poco aptos para otros vegetales. Sus frutos producen un aceite que no tiene fines alimentarios, lo cual no plantea ninguna competencia directa con otros cultivos”, relató Ignacio Huerga, miembro del equipo.
Lo interesante del trabajo es que contempla todo un proceso y busca ser lo más sustentable posible desde el punto de vista energético y ambiental.
Las semillas de Jatropha curcas contienen aceite no comestible que puede ser transformado en biodiésel.
Biodiésel y biogás
Los investigadores sometieron a un lote de semillas traídas de Jujuy a un proceso de extracción de aceite, realizando previamente su descascarado, triturado y tratamiento térmico. Con estas operaciones, el contenido de óleo llegó al 40-50 % en relación a la masa tratada. “El biodiésel obtenido cumple con las normativas nacionales e internacionales vigentes. Incluso es apto para automotores si se dosifica con combustible fósil en las proporciones usadas actualmente”, sostuvo el investigador.
Además, para las cáscaras de frutos y semillas se propuso su uso como combustibles sólidos, debido al poder calorífico que presentan. En cambio, para harinas y glicerina (esta última obtenida de la reacción del aceite y el alcohol para obtener biodiésel) se realizó un tratamiento por medio de un biodigestor, con el objetivo de conseguir biogás para ser utilizado en las mismas plantas de biodiésel. De ese modo, el circuito de producción queda cerrado y aprovechado.
“Es algo novedoso, no encontramos otras publicaciones que mezclen estas dos corrientes de residuos. La biodigestión es una alternativa para el tratamiento de la glicerina y las harinas. Por un lado, se estaría dando un tratamiento a los residuos y, por otro, se estaría reduciendo el consumo de energía fósil que se necesita para producir el biodiésel”, añadió.
Harinas
Otra característica de la Jatrofa es que sus harinas contienen compuestos tóxicos, especialmente ésteres de forbol, por lo que no pueden ser utilizadas como alimentos. No obstante, existen experiencias en otros lugares del mundo donde se las detoxifica. “Aunque no evaluamos el nivel de estos compuestos, encontramos algunas propiedades que podrían llegar a ser positivas, sobre todo en contenido de proteínas y demás, pero no podemos dar una conclusión al respecto”, concluyó Huerga.
Fuente El Litoral
martes, 1 de febrero de 2011
Future developments are being Jatropha biofuel in the Argentine coast
A list of plants to produce biodiesel, now joins the Jatropha curcas, which goes unnoticed as a mere shrub, but its fruits contain seeds with high oil content with potential for fuel production. Also the products generated by the crop can be used in energy and combustion processes and the generation of biogas.
The group of the Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry Research (INCAP), led by Carlos Querini, linked with personnel from the National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA) working in northwestern Argentina in the cultivation of Jatropha curcas. The idea was to see what could be done on an industrial scale with that plant.
"The Jatropha (common name) is a shrub from the tropics that grows on soils unsuitable for other plants. The fruits produce oil that is non-food, which poses no direct competition with other crops, "said Ignacio Huerta, a member of the team.
The interesting thing is that so provides a process and seeks to be as sustainable as possible from the standpoint of energy and the environment.
Jatropha curcas seeds contain inedible oil that can be transformed into biodiesel.
Biodiesel and biogas
The researchers put a lot of seeds brought from Jujuy to an oil extraction process, previously made its shelling, grinding and heat treatment. With these operations, the oil content reached 40-50% in relation to the mass treated. "The biodiesel obtained complies with national and international standards. Even if it is suitable for vehicles with fossil fuel is metered at the rates currently used, "said the researcher.
In addition to the shells of nuts and seeds are proposed its use as solid fuels due to the calorific value in them. However, for meal and glycerin (the latter obtained from the reaction of oil and alcohol to produce biodiesel) and were treated by a digester, with the aim of achieving biogas for use in biodiesel plants themselves. Thus, the output circuit is closed and used.
"It's something new, we find no other publications that blend these two waste streams. Biodigestion is an alternative for the treatment of glycerin and flour. On the one hand, we would be taking on waste treatment and, secondly, it would reduce consumption of fossil energy needed to produce biodiesel, "he added.
Flour
Another feature of the Jatropha is that their meals contain toxic compounds, especially esters of phorbol and therefore can not be used as food. However, the experience of other parts of the world where they are detoxified. "Although we did not assess the level of these compounds, we find some properties that could become positive, especially in protein content and so on, but we can not give a conclusion about it," he said Huerta.
Source El Litoral
The group of the Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry Research (INCAP), led by Carlos Querini, linked with personnel from the National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA) working in northwestern Argentina in the cultivation of Jatropha curcas. The idea was to see what could be done on an industrial scale with that plant.
"The Jatropha (common name) is a shrub from the tropics that grows on soils unsuitable for other plants. The fruits produce oil that is non-food, which poses no direct competition with other crops, "said Ignacio Huerta, a member of the team.
The interesting thing is that so provides a process and seeks to be as sustainable as possible from the standpoint of energy and the environment.
Jatropha curcas seeds contain inedible oil that can be transformed into biodiesel.
Biodiesel and biogas
The researchers put a lot of seeds brought from Jujuy to an oil extraction process, previously made its shelling, grinding and heat treatment. With these operations, the oil content reached 40-50% in relation to the mass treated. "The biodiesel obtained complies with national and international standards. Even if it is suitable for vehicles with fossil fuel is metered at the rates currently used, "said the researcher.
In addition to the shells of nuts and seeds are proposed its use as solid fuels due to the calorific value in them. However, for meal and glycerin (the latter obtained from the reaction of oil and alcohol to produce biodiesel) and were treated by a digester, with the aim of achieving biogas for use in biodiesel plants themselves. Thus, the output circuit is closed and used.
"It's something new, we find no other publications that blend these two waste streams. Biodigestion is an alternative for the treatment of glycerin and flour. On the one hand, we would be taking on waste treatment and, secondly, it would reduce consumption of fossil energy needed to produce biodiesel, "he added.
Flour
Another feature of the Jatropha is that their meals contain toxic compounds, especially esters of phorbol and therefore can not be used as food. However, the experience of other parts of the world where they are detoxified. "Although we did not assess the level of these compounds, we find some properties that could become positive, especially in protein content and so on, but we can not give a conclusion about it," he said Huerta.
Source El Litoral
lunes, 31 de enero de 2011
Argentina será proveedora de biocombustible para el transporte turco
El Ministro de Planificación, Julio De Vido, junto con su par de Transporte de Turquía, Binali Yildirim, analizaron ayer la implementación de la interconexión aérea entre los dos países, y la posibilidad de que esa nación comience a utilizar biocombustibles.
El encuentro se realizó en Ankara, como parte de la visita que la presidente Cristina Fernández de Kirchner realiza a ese país, y donde se entrevistó con su par, Abdullah Gul, informó la cartera de Planificación a través de un comunicado.
De Vido y Yildirim estuvieron reunidos durante unos 45 minutos, oportunidad en la que conversaron sobre los biocombustibles, sector en el que la Argentina es el cuarto productor mundial, y su posible utilización en el transporte público de Turquía.
Además, analizaron la posibilidad de desarrollar GNC en esa nación, tomando el nivel de la tecnología de avanzada con la que cuenta la Argentina, y que se ve reflejado en los dos millones de autos impulsados por ese combustible.
Turquía es el último tramo de la gira oficial de la que participa el ministro De Vido, acompañando a la Presidente de la Nación en su gira que la llevó por Kuwait y Qatar.
El encuentro se realizó en Ankara, como parte de la visita que la presidente Cristina Fernández de Kirchner realiza a ese país, y donde se entrevistó con su par, Abdullah Gul, informó la cartera de Planificación a través de un comunicado.
De Vido y Yildirim estuvieron reunidos durante unos 45 minutos, oportunidad en la que conversaron sobre los biocombustibles, sector en el que la Argentina es el cuarto productor mundial, y su posible utilización en el transporte público de Turquía.
Además, analizaron la posibilidad de desarrollar GNC en esa nación, tomando el nivel de la tecnología de avanzada con la que cuenta la Argentina, y que se ve reflejado en los dos millones de autos impulsados por ese combustible.
Turquía es el último tramo de la gira oficial de la que participa el ministro De Vido, acompañando a la Presidente de la Nación en su gira que la llevó por Kuwait y Qatar.
Argentina will supply biofuel for Turkish transport
Planning Minister Julio De Vido, along with its pair of Transport of Turkey, Binali Yildirim, discussed yesterday the deployment of the air interface between the two countries and the possibility that the nation begin using biofuels.
The meeting was held in Ankara, as part of the visit that President Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner made in this country, where he met with his counterpart, Abdullah Gul, the ministry of planning through a statement.
De Vido and Yildirim were together for about 45 minutes, at which time it discussed the biofuels industry in Argentina is the fourth largest producer, and its possible use in public transportation in Turkey.
They also discussed the possibility of developing CNG in the nation, taking the level of advanced technology that counts Argentina, and that is reflected in the two million vehicles powered by that fuel.
Turkey is the last leg of the tour official involved Minister De Vido, accompanying the President to the Nation on his tour that took her to Kuwait and Qatar.
The meeting was held in Ankara, as part of the visit that President Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner made in this country, where he met with his counterpart, Abdullah Gul, the ministry of planning through a statement.
De Vido and Yildirim were together for about 45 minutes, at which time it discussed the biofuels industry in Argentina is the fourth largest producer, and its possible use in public transportation in Turkey.
They also discussed the possibility of developing CNG in the nation, taking the level of advanced technology that counts Argentina, and that is reflected in the two million vehicles powered by that fuel.
Turkey is the last leg of the tour official involved Minister De Vido, accompanying the President to the Nation on his tour that took her to Kuwait and Qatar.
Arjantin taşıma için Türk biyoyakıt tedarik edecek
Planlama Bakanı Julio De Vido, Türkiye, Binali Yıldırım, Ulaştırma onun çifti ile birlikte dün iki ülke ve ulus biyoyakıt kullanmaya başlamak olasılığı arasında hava arayüzü konuşlandırılması konusunu tartıştı.
toplantı, Ankara'da yapıldı Başkanı Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner onun meslektaşı Abdullah Gül, bir bildiri ile planlama bakanlığı ile bir araya geldi, bu ülkede yaptığı ziyaret kapsamında.
De Vido ve Yıldırım Arjantin dördüncü büyük üreticisi hangi zamanda biyoyakıt endüstrisi tartışıldı yaklaşık 45 dakika, Türkiye'de toplu taşıma olası kullanımı için beraberdik.
Onlar da, Arjantin sayar ve bu yakıt ile çalışan iki milyon araç yansıyor ileri teknoloji düzeyi alarak, ülkedeki CNG gelişme olasılığını ele aldı.
Türkiye Kuveyt ve Katar götürdüm onun turunda Milletine Cumhurbaşkanı eşlik eden Bakan De Vido ilgili tur yetkili, son ayağı.
toplantı, Ankara'da yapıldı Başkanı Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner onun meslektaşı Abdullah Gül, bir bildiri ile planlama bakanlığı ile bir araya geldi, bu ülkede yaptığı ziyaret kapsamında.
De Vido ve Yıldırım Arjantin dördüncü büyük üreticisi hangi zamanda biyoyakıt endüstrisi tartışıldı yaklaşık 45 dakika, Türkiye'de toplu taşıma olası kullanımı için beraberdik.
Onlar da, Arjantin sayar ve bu yakıt ile çalışan iki milyon araç yansıyor ileri teknoloji düzeyi alarak, ülkedeki CNG gelişme olasılığını ele aldı.
Türkiye Kuveyt ve Katar götürdüm onun turunda Milletine Cumhurbaşkanı eşlik eden Bakan De Vido ilgili tur yetkili, son ayağı.
Agrupación de Colaboración San Antonio, Energías Renovables S.A. y BH Biocombustibles SRL nuevas proveedoras para el cupo interno de biodiesel de Argentina.
El gobierno nacional incorporó tres empresas más al acuerdo de abastecimiento de biodiesel para su mezcla con combustibles fosiles en el territorio nacional (cupo interno de biodiesel).
Las firmas –según lo dispuesto por la resolución 1674/10 de la Secretaría de Energía publicada hoy en el Boletín Oficial– son Agrupacion de Colaboracion San Antonio, Energías Renovables S.A. y BH Biocombustibles SRL.
La resolución además prorrogó hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2011 el acuerdo de abastecimiento de biodiesel para su mezcla con combustibles fosiles en el territorio nacional, suscripto a los 20 días del mes de enero de 2010 y ratificado por la resolución 7 de fecha 4 de febrero de 2010 de la Secretaría de Energía de la Nación.
“En los casos en que, con posterioridad al dictado de la presente, se incluyan otras empresas elaboradoras de biodiesel” en el cupo interno, la resolución 1674/10 indicó que se “deducirán las cantidades correspondientes a las mismas, a prorrata y en proporción de las cantidades oportunamente asignadas, de aquellas establecidas en el marco de dicho acuerdo a las empresas con capacidad de elaboración superior a 50.000 toneladas anuales”
Las firmas –según lo dispuesto por la resolución 1674/10 de la Secretaría de Energía publicada hoy en el Boletín Oficial– son Agrupacion de Colaboracion San Antonio, Energías Renovables S.A. y BH Biocombustibles SRL.
La resolución además prorrogó hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2011 el acuerdo de abastecimiento de biodiesel para su mezcla con combustibles fosiles en el territorio nacional, suscripto a los 20 días del mes de enero de 2010 y ratificado por la resolución 7 de fecha 4 de febrero de 2010 de la Secretaría de Energía de la Nación.
“En los casos en que, con posterioridad al dictado de la presente, se incluyan otras empresas elaboradoras de biodiesel” en el cupo interno, la resolución 1674/10 indicó que se “deducirán las cantidades correspondientes a las mismas, a prorrata y en proporción de las cantidades oportunamente asignadas, de aquellas establecidas en el marco de dicho acuerdo a las empresas con capacidad de elaboración superior a 50.000 toneladas anuales”
San Antonio Partnership Partnership, Renewable Energy SA and BH Biofuels SRL new suppliers to the domestic share of biodiesel in Argentina.
The national government has added three companies to agree to supply biodiesel for blending with fossil fuels in the country (internal quota biodiesel).
Firms, as provided by resolution 1674/10 of the Ministry of Energy published today in the Official Gazette, are Agrupacion of Collaboration San Antonio, Renewable Energy SA and BH Biofuels SRL.
The resolution also extended until December 31, 2011 the agreement for the supply of biodiesel for blending with fossil fuels in the country, signed on the 20th day of January 2010 and ratified by Resolution 7 dated February 4 2010 of the Energy Department's Office.
"In cases in which, following the dictates of the present, including other businesses that make biodiesel in the domestic quota, resolution 1674/10 indicated that" deduct the amounts corresponding to the same pro rata in proportion of the relevant amounts allocated to those established under the agreement to companies with superior processing capacity to 50,000 tonnes per year "
Firms, as provided by resolution 1674/10 of the Ministry of Energy published today in the Official Gazette, are Agrupacion of Collaboration San Antonio, Renewable Energy SA and BH Biofuels SRL.
The resolution also extended until December 31, 2011 the agreement for the supply of biodiesel for blending with fossil fuels in the country, signed on the 20th day of January 2010 and ratified by Resolution 7 dated February 4 2010 of the Energy Department's Office.
"In cases in which, following the dictates of the present, including other businesses that make biodiesel in the domestic quota, resolution 1674/10 indicated that" deduct the amounts corresponding to the same pro rata in proportion of the relevant amounts allocated to those established under the agreement to companies with superior processing capacity to 50,000 tonnes per year "
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